圣 经 探 险 者 第 十 三 课

从西奈山到应许之地
13. FROM MOUNT SINAI TO THE PROMISED LAND

Lesson 13 Reading: Exodus 20 & Joshua 1
第13课 阅读:出埃及记20与约书亚记1

Israel at Mount Sinai
以色列人在西奈山

The children of Israel arrived at Mount Sinai in the third month after leaving Egypt (Exodus 19:1). Here the people were organised into a nation. They were to be "a kingdom of priests and a holy nation", acknowledging Yahweh as their God and Ruler (Exodus 19:4-6). While gathered there at the Mount the ten commandments were spoken by God to the nation. These ten commandments are recorded (Exodus 20:1-17), and they became the basis of the covenant that God made with Israel (Exodus 24:1-8).以色列人出埃及三个月后,来到西奈山(出埃及记19:1)。在此以色列人成为一个国——“祭司的国度，圣洁的国民”，以耶和华作为他们的神和领袖（出埃及记19：4-6）。在西奈山上神晓谕以色列子民十诫，这十诫在出埃及记20：1-7中记载，成为神与以色列人立约的基础（出埃及记24：1-8）。

The Tabernacle and Worship
会幕与圣所

While at Mount Sinai, Moses was called up into the mountain by God and given the pattern or plans for the Tabernacle or dwelling place of God in the midst of Israel (Exodus 25:8). The intricate details are recorded in Exodus 25-31.在西奈山时，耶和华晓谕摩西，让以色列人为他造圣所，使他可以住在以色列人中间（出埃及记25：8）。详情记录在出埃及记25-31中。

The Tabernacle when completed was set in the midst of the camp of the children of Israel during their journey through the wilderness. In reading through Exodus to Deuteronomy many details are given regarding the way that Israel were to approach God in worship. These sacrifices, offerings and other details all pointed forward by type or symbol to the method of acceptable worship and approach to God through the Lord Jesus Christ (Colossians 2:17; Hebrews 10:1-7).以色列人在旷野时，会幕就设在他们营帐的中间，出埃及记到申命记中，记录了许多以色列人在圣所崇敬耶和华的细节，这些所有的献祭与祭礼从形式上与意义上，都象征着主耶稣基督后来的献身作赎罪祭，（哥罗西书2：17；希伯来书10：1-7）。

The Journey from Mt Sinai to the Promised Land
从西奈山到应许之地的旅程
The children of Israel left Mount Sinai after having been there for nearly a year (Numbers 10:11). Within a few months they were at the southern border of the land at Kadesh-Barnea. From here twelve spies were sent forth to view the land and report back to Moses. Their report told of the goodness of the land but they said that it would be impossible to conquer because the people were giants and the city walls were very great (Numbers 13:27-33).以色列人在西奈山满了一年就离开了（民数记10：11），几个月后到了加低斯一巴兰地的南边。摩西打发十二个探子去去窥探那许的地，探子回报说那果然是极美之地，但却无法征服那地上的人民，因为他们身材高大，城墙坚固（民数记13：27-33）。

Although two of the spies, Joshua and Caleb, encouraged the people to have faith and go forward, trusting in God to help them, the evil report of the other ten spies weakened the people’s faith and resolve.十二个探子中有两人，约书豆和迦勒，鼓励人们凭着耶和华，勇往直前，但其他十个探子却报恶信。

Because of their faithlessness Israel was condemned to spend forty years in the wilderness while all that older generation, who had seen God’s great works but failed to believe Him, died. However Joshua and Caleb, the two faithful spies, were told that they would enter into the land because of their faith (Numbers 13-14).由于以色列人不信神，他们被惩罚，在旷野中停留了四十年，所有见过神迹却不信神的老一辈人都死了，只有约书豆与迦勒仍然存活（民数记13-14）。

Israel’s Journey from Egypt to the Promised Land
从埃及到应许之地的旅途（图略）

Israel Finally Enter the Land under Joshua
以色列人最终约书亚的带领下进入迦南地
The account of those forty years, and in particular the events of the last year, are recorded from Numbers 15 through to the end of Deuteronomy. The Book of Deuteronomy records the last exhortation of Moses to Israel, and was spoken at the border of the Land of Canaan as the people waited to cross into the Promised Land. Both Aaron and Moses were not allowed to enter the land because of a sin that they were provoked to commit by Israel’s faithless attitude (see Numbers 20:1-13). Although Moses was not permitted to enter in, God miraculously showed him all the land from Mount Nebo before his death (Deuteronomy 34). 以色列人在旷野中的四十年，尤其是最后一年的事，被记录在从民数记15到申命记末尾中，在以色列人等待进入应许的地时，摩西在迦南地的边界对以色列人作了最后一次训诫。虽然，摩西与亚伦都由于以色列人的罪而不准应许的金地（申命记34）。

The nation mourned the death of Moses for one month, after which they then crossed the Jordan River and entered into the land of Canaan under their new leader, Joshua. 以色列人为摩西哀器了三十天，之后他们就在新的领袖——约书亚的带领下，越过约旦河进入了迦南地。

Joshua - Israel’s Next Leader
约书亚——以色列的下一位领袖
The man appointed by God to lead Israel into the Land of Promise was Joshua (Numbers 27:15-23). He had been a faithful companion to Moses throughout the forty years in the wilderness and after the death of Moses became Israel’s leader. 约书亚被召选副食以色列人进入迦南地（民数记27：15-23），约书亚在旷野中的四十年，始终作为忠实陪伴者，摩西死后，他就成为以色列人的领袖。

Joshua had proved his faithfulness and courage during the forty years’ wanderings in the wilderness. He had led Israel to victory over the Amalekites (Exodus 17:8-16), and was one of the two faithful spies who had placed complete confidence in God’s ability to lead Israel into the Promised Land and overcome all their enemies (Numbers 14:6-10). 约书亚在荒野度过的四十年中，证实了自己的信与勇气，他曾领导以色列人打败了亚玛力人（出埃及记17：8-16），并坚信神会领以色列人进入应许的地，打败所有的敌人（民数记14：6-10）。

Thus, with God’s encouragement to "be strong and of a good courage" (Joshua 1:5-9) he led Israel over the River Jordan into the Land. A great miracle was performed by God so that this could happen. The Jordan River was in flood but God stopped the water flowing into the Dead Sea, causing it to bank up so that the people could cross over on dry land (Joshua 3:14-17).
因此，伴着神话的“刚强壮胆”，他领导以色列人跨越约旦河进入迦南地，神在以色列人过约旦河的时候显了一个大神迹，他使约旦河往死海流下的水断绝，立起成垒，百姓就从河床干地上安然通过（约书亚记3：14-17）。

It was exactly forty years from the day that Israel left Egypt at the time of the Passover until they entered the land of Canaan (Joshua 5:10). Once Israel were in the land Joshua, guided still by God, led them in battle to overthrow the inhabitants of Canaan so that Israel could inherit the land. These campaigns are set out in the first twelve chapters of the book of Joshua, while the remainder of the book describes the various areas allocated by lot for the twelve tribes in which to dwell.从色列人在逾越节那天离开埃及到他们进入迦南地，中间整整是四十年（约书亚记5：10），以色列人在神的佑护，约书亚的带领下，证服了迦南地的人民，约书亚记前十二章描述了这些成役，后几章记叙了十二个部落的领地。

Territory Given to the Twelve Tribes
十二个部落边界的划分（图略）

You may now go to the questions form. Once again fill in the questions and your e-mail address and "submit" the form. Again you will receive the password to lesson fourteen.

第13课——问题
1、在西奈山时，神使以色列人成为国，他怎样称这一国？
2、神在西奈山上给以色列人多少条诫条？
3、摩西一共派出几个探子去窥探那应许之地？
4、那两个忠信的探子是谁？
5、从色列人一共在旷野停留了多久？为什么？
6、摩西死后，谁领导以色列人？

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